Meteorology

= Meteorology - Everyday Weather =

Meteorology is a complex subject that you don't really study in school until 8th grade. In order to be successful at the regional and state competitions, you will need to do a lot of studying and practice tests throughout the entire year (cramming does **not** work). You will need to bring a spiral notebook and writing utensil to class because taking notes from the powerpoint and the textbook is the easiest way to learn the material.



**__1/6/09 Meteorology Practice Quiz 1: The Atmosphere__**
Click on the link below to access the quiz. Once you are done, copy and paste any questions you had trouble with onto the wiki. I will do my best to help you with these questions.

[]

Post questions you had trouble with here:

Chris got 2 out of 10 for the quiz right


 * __12/9/09__**

Please post your answer documents here: ==I have created a short pre-test on powerpoint. Use the link below to access the test. Type your answers into a word document, then post the document on the wiki. Please do not use any outside resources (book, internet, or my powerpoint) to take the test. I just want to see how much you know so I know what I have to teach you.==

__[[file:weathertest.ppt]] 12/8/09__
==Here is a powerpoint which covers most of the information you will need to learn for the test. You don't need to do anything with it right now, but I recommend that you at least take a look so that you know what you will be learning.==

11/3/09
==** Go through the meteorology books and your event rules. Begin by tackling the first objective (I don't have the rules with me so I do not know what that first objective is). You will need to become experts at each objective before the competition. Alex might have something better planned for you, if this is the case, do whatever he says : ) **==

Resources
[|Test] [|Answer Key]
 * Hudson Invite-**

[|SO Events-Meteorology Page] [|JetStream-An online school for weather] [|Welcome to Weatherwise] [|Introduction to Weather and Climate] [|Interpreting Weather Satellite Images] [|Resources in Atmospheric Science] [|Weather WizKids]

Other links [|Mountain Building1] [|Mountain Building2] [|World Climates]

Use recommended resources from the rules to explain the following. You can link to photos, type text from books we have or link to appropriate websites.
this is a cool quiz i found!!!!!!!!! - http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz160958126ee18.html

Köppen Classification MAP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
This is the climatic map that shows different areas of climate. The Different first letters mean the TYPE of climate. A- means that the climate is tropicaladition B- means that the climate is a desert climate, both warm and coly Cf- means that the climate is a oceanianic/sea type Cs- means that the climate is a temperate sea type Cw- means that the climate is a warm sub-tropic by the sea Ds- means that the climate is contental Dw- means that the climate is subtropical contental Df- means that the climate is a cool/warm subartic E- means that the climate is polar/tundra BY: ADAM SMITH

radition-

-the sun drives the atomosphere -electromagnetic waves can travel through space -they can be refracted and stuff -ultriviolet means beond violet - it is beyond visable light Koppen Climate Classification- Src.= [|www.iupui.edu/~geni/documents/Koppen_Abbreviations_000.doc]

** __A__ **** __Climates – Tropical or Equatorial //(average temperature above 64.4oF, no winter//)__ ** ** __B__ **** __Climates – Dry //(evaporation greater than precipitation//__ ** **// ) //** ** Cfb: ** Marine West Coast ** __D__ **** __Climates – Snowforest, Subarctic, Humid //(northern boundary is the northern limit of forest growth)//__ ** ** Dfa: ** Humid Continental, warm summer, moist throughout ** __E__ **** __Climates – Ice Climates //(always cold; warmest month averages under 50oF)//__ **
 * Af: ** Tropical Rainforest
 * Aw: ** Tropical Savanna
 * BWh: ** Tropical and Subtropical Desert
 * BSh: ** Tropical and Subtropical Steppe //(grasslands)//
 * BSk: ** Middle Latitude Steppe //(grasslands)//
 * __C__ **** __Climates – Humid, Warm, Temperate //(seldom below freezing as a monthly average, mild winter)//__ **
 * Csa: ** Mediterranean //(often found on southwest portion of continents)//
 * Cfa: ** Humid Subtropical, warm summer //(often found on southeast portion of continents)//
 * Dwd: ** Subartic, dry winter
 * ET: ** Tundra //(permafrost and short growing season, no trees)//
 * EF: ** Ice Cap //(perpetual snow and ice)//

-This may not have all the climate breakdowns. Look in Adam's for one's I missed Evolution

** Climate vs. Weather **
Weather is related but a little different than climate. Weather is all the events that take place in the atmosphere all over the world. Here's a simple explanation of weather: it's what happens outside. The air, or atmosphere, around us behaves in different ways. It changes when it's hot or cold, and when it's wet or dry. It acts differently when it's calm or stormy, and clear or cloudy. The atmosphere reacts to everything from rain to sunshine. Climate is the average weather in area. Add more if you want. Link: [|Climate vs. Weather] Your friendly neighborhood Nitin K

Milankovitch Cycles! The Awesome Theory everybody is talking about!
Milankovitch Cycles explain previous cold and warm periods in history. There is great eccentritry. There is a 23° degree axis tilt in the earth, which is really 23°+23° which is 46°. The degree change occurs every 100000 years. This is also explains the historical Jamestown drought and the Little Ice Age. This axial tilt puts the area in a more obsolete area. This makes the area less sunlight, which theoretically makes it colder. The orbit is also effected by the tilt of the Earth. The Axial obstructs the orbit of the earth and making the orbit widened. This could include...


 * Cooling the Earth by 1°-2° every 1000 or so years
 * Warmer Summers
 * Slightly diffrent Star Patterns every year

By Adam Smith

CLIMATE VS. WEATHER NOTES FORM COLTON who stuided the topicvery well

-Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at any praticular time and place which is alawys changing -metorology is the study of the atmosphere and it's phonomonon -The middle latitude cyclonic system forms outside the tropics and, in the Northern Hemisphere, has winds spinning counter clockwise about it's center wich is curently over Minosota -Over 2 million years we would see the ice advance and retreat -wind direction is the horisontil movement -storm systems move and constintlty change -weather affects our health - -weather affects

radition

-the sun suplies the atmosphers engery. -

= Humanitarian IMPACT!(by desertification) = Desertification occurs when the eco-system cannot support life by starvation of Vegetation and Precipitation. These crucial elements make-up the most important parts of the Eco-System. This makes populations move away, effecting the surviving plants. Once cause of this is the heating of the earth. This alters the ecosystem. This tiny variable is critical because the vegitation in the certain area can only support in the original climate before the upsetting variable. One example of deserification is in the Sahel. Thie Sahel is shrinking due to the efforts of Global Warming. The Sahel is VERY important because it houses very heavy Agriculture. The Sahel also a very diverse eco-system. It is predected in 20 years, 40% of the entire Sahel will vanish because of desertification. BY: ADAM!!! El Niños are warm currents of water that replace the cold rising waters off the coast of South America. This makes the area warmer than it should be. El Niño's have occured frequently ever since the first report in 1541. Every once in a while, an El Niño is stronger than usual. It will go further south and is exceptionally warm. El Niño's create rain over the coastal deserts; a strange change in the climate. This rain brings a period of profound growth. This period is know as "años de abundancia"(years of abundance). Process: 1. Westwad flow of surface air over the equatorial Pacific ana a return in the upper troposphere. 2. The surface flow drags warm waters into Western Pacific. 3. Flow weakens warm waters migrate east and creates El Niño. La Ni ña is the opposite of a niño. These bring colder air to an area. This phenomena was used first in 1986. The trade winds are stronger than its counter. The water is colder, and this change is very strange. -From Nitin -Sponsered by Michigan University_ GO BLUE!
 * __El Ni__ ** ** __ño and La Ni__ ** **__ña and Southern Oscillation__**

The Cryosphere and Climate Change: The main components of the cryosphere are snow, river and lake ice, [|sea ice,] [|glaciers] and [|ice caps,] [|ice shelves,] [|ice sheets,] and [|frozen ground] (Figure below). In terms of the ice mass and its heat capacity, the cryosphere is the second largest component of the climate system (after the ocean). Its relevance for climate variability and change is based on physical properties, such as its high surface reflectivity (albedo) and the latent heat associated with phase changes, which have a strong impact on the surface energy balance.

Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics is a sweet theory usually known as continential drift. It is a theory where the Earth is made of shifting plates that are always shifting. This theory helps explain past climates. An example is in Africa. You can find evidence of glaciers in African waters. This would not be possible today with the ground so low ad close to the equator. But, many million years ago, Africa may have been somewhere else in the water and developed glaciers. So, plate tectonics may explain old and other climate periods From His Awesomeness, Nitin Kumar. lo